Relationship between depression and physical disability by gender among elderly in Indonesia

Suwarni, Linda and Satria, Ana and Yeni, Yeni and Akbar, Hairil and Abbani, Abubakar Yakubu and Maretalinia, Maretalinia (2022) Relationship between depression and physical disability by gender among elderly in Indonesia. Universa Medicina, 41 (1). pp. 107-113. ISSN 2407-2230

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Abstract

BACKGROUND ABSTRACT 1Department of Public Health, The increasing population of older people can be a positive impact if they could be productive, or it could be negative as a burden if they depend on others. Elderly with physical disabilities can be influenced by various factors, including depression, which can be caused by functional changes in the body due to aging, loss of work, or even the loss of a loved one. This study aimed to determine the relationship between depression and physical disabilities among the elderly in Indonesia who were stratified by gender. METHODS A cross-sectional study using a national survey dataset namely Basic HealthSurveyandSocio-EconomicSurveyfor2018involving85,427 elderly. Depression and disability were assessed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric InterviewandBarthelIndex.Chi-Square test and multiple binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data. RESULTS The results revealed that 24.75% of elderly people experienced physical disabilities. The probability of males and females with depression having physical disabilities was respectively 2.95 (95% CI = 2.74-3.17) and 2.49 (95% CI = 2.36-2.64) times higher compared to those without depression. The interaction between depression and gender was statistically significant, in that females with depression had an 11% probability of having physical disability. CONCLUSION This study reaffirmed that disability is a risk factor for depression in the elderly and female gender is the effect modifier rather than the risk factor. The male depression group showed more physical disability symptoms than the female depression group. There is collaboration from various sectors to prevent depression and physical disabilities

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